Compact Tunable 3 dB Hybrid and Rat-Race Couplers with Harmonics Suppression
نویسندگان
چکیده
Miniaturized and tunable 3 dB hybrid and rat-race couplers using capacitively-loaded (C-loaded) transmission lines are designed. Couplers’ compactness has been achieved by substituting the conventional quarter wave transformers in both couplers by their equivalent C-loaded units. The tunable center frequency of the proposed couplers is realized by varying the transmission line loading capacitance. Besides the size reduction of 82% and 52% for the 3 dB hybrid and the rat-race couplers, respectively, a frequency tuning behavior ranging between 0.81.3 GHz is obtained. Moreover, it is proven that odd harmonics up to the 5 harmonic are efficiently suppressed. The results from two different numerical full-wave EM simulations using IE3D and HFSS verify the underlying principle. Index Terms 3 dB hybrid coupler, capacitively-loaded transmission line, harmonics suppression, rat-race coupler.
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